Since the establishment of the China National Medical Insurance Bureau in 2018, the goal has been to strengthen public health and medical service levels, achieve maximum utilisation of the national medical insurance fund, and to enhance the strategic purchasing capability of medical insurance funds. Significant tools in achieving this are the National Reimbursement Drug List (NRDL) and drug Volume Based Procurement (VBP), which have opened a new chapter in China’s medical reform. Meanwhile, the new drug registration process is improved, simplified, and accelerated.